Epilepsy and Dental Health

Understanding Epilepsy

Epilepsy is caused by abnormal brain electrical activity, leading to seizures of varying intensity.

• Range of Seizures: Seizures can vary from subtle absences to more severe episodes involving falling, stiffness, and jerking.
• Prevalence in the UK: Over 600,000 individuals in the UK are affected by epilepsy.

Impact of Epilepsy on Dental Health

Epilepsy can affect dental health in several ways:

• Medication Effects: Anti-epileptic drugs like Carbamazepine often cause dry mouth (Xerostomia), affecting oral health. Saliva substitutes can help alleviate this.
• Trauma Risk: Seizures can lead to injuries including cuts, tongue lacerations, and fractures of teeth and facial bones.
• Treatment Limitations: Some dental prosthetics, like dentures or adhesive bridges, may pose risks during seizures and are not recommended.

Managing Dental Care for Epilepsy Patients

Key considerations for maintaining oral health in epilepsy patients:

• Seizure Management: Maintain consistent epilepsy management to reduce seizure frequency, with regular medication checks.
• Good Oral Hygiene: Encourage excellent oral hygiene practices and regular dental check-ups.
• Emergency Preparedness: Know how to access emergency dental care promptly if needed.
• Saliva Substitutes: Use as necessary to counteract dry mouth caused by medications.

Emergency Dental Care After a Seizure

Steps to take if dental issues occur after a seizure:

• Assess Oral Damage: Check for any injuries or loose teeth after the seizure.
• Rinse Minor Injuries: Gently rinse cuts with warm salt water.
• Preserve Loose Teeth: Keep loose teeth in place; seek emergency dental care immediately.
• Lost Tooth: Store a knocked-out tooth in milk and bring it to the dentist promptly for possible re-implantation.